Horticultural crops :: Spices:: Cardamom 
       
         
        
          
             Azhukal disease / capsule rot / fruit rot – Phytophthora parasitica car. nicotianae/ Phytophthora palmivora
              
                
                  
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                    Symptoms 
                      
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Symptoms can appear on tender and matured leaves. Large circular, irregular, water soaked spots with black colour appear on leaves. 
                         
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The exposed portion of the unopened leaves my rot. 
                         
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Grey patches of irregular spots with brown margin are formed at the base of the leaf sheath. 
                         
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The basal portion rots and the pseudo stem break away at the collar region. 
                         
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The infection spreads to the underground plants and the rhizomes become rots. 
                         
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Small light brown lesions appear in the green tender fruits which fall of in 3-6 days leaving the small fruit stalk. The tip of inflorescence also rot. 
                         
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Management
              
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Removal and burning of infected plants. 
                 
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Avoid moving of rhizomes from diseased areas to healthy area for planting 
                 
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Provide proper drainage 
                 
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Three sprays with Bordeaux mixture 1% in May, June, July 
                 
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Soil drench with Bordeaux mixture 1 % (or) Copper oxychloride  0.25% 
                 
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